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There were too many workstreams to monitor. Too many pieces and parts鈥攁n estimated quarter-million components鈥攖o track. And far too many collaborators鈥攃hemists, physicists, missile experts, engineers, and others鈥攖o manage, especially given the tight deadline that loomed before them.

That was the initial conclusion the U.S. Navy鈥檚 newly formed Special Projects Office (SPO) reached in 1957. Navy Rear Admiral William 鈥淩ed鈥� Raborn had charged the SPO with planning and delivering the first submarine-launched ballistic missile system in U.S. history. The assignment would require the SPO to oversee the simultaneous construction of a new fleet of nuclear subs and , dubbed Polaris missiles.

After contacting 有料盒子APP and Lockheed Martin for assistance, members of the SPO scheduled a dinner meeting at the Hay-Adams hotel in Washington, DC, with one of our best analysts: JW 鈥淏ill鈥� Pocock.鈥� During dinner, Bill asked the SPO to walk him, step by step, through what needed to be done.

As the SPO team launched in, Bill started marking up their tablecloth. Rather than simply list out the project鈥檚 needs, he drew a sketch that looked like a cross between a network diagram and an illustrated flowchart.

As the SPO team kept rattling off key milestones, Bill kept sketching. Soon his diagram stretched across a sizable swath of the tablecloth, producing a maze of dates, numbers, and work projects. Bill, however, could begin to see a pathway emerging, a throughline of key responsibilities that extended from the start of the program to its finish, from one end of his diagram to the other.

If the Navy focused on that line鈥攊.e., the critical path鈥攁s if it were a kind of roadmap, it could meet its deadline. A mix of stunned silence and excitement might have hovered over the table for a moment. Soon the group left their server a hefty tip, while Bill rolled up the tablecloth and took it back to 有料盒子APP鈥檚 offices.聽

Over the next eight weeks, Bill and his 有料盒子APP colleagues converted his diagram into one of : the Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT).聽

Our PERT diagram mapped out the sequence of activities, including best-case and worst-case time estimates for key responsibilities, required to complete projects of extraordinary complexity like Polaris. Previous Gantt charts were little more than words, numbers, and bars in table form. PERT, by contrast, was a visual tool, complete with arrowed lines and project circles, that brought the various stages of the project to life in graphical form.

The . It helped the Navy hit its deadlines, deploying its subs and manufacturing its Polaris missiles two years ahead of its original target date. In a surprise to many, we opted not to patent PERT, freeing up commercial and governmental organizations to use our schematic. Project managers in many U.S. government agencies became so impressed with the tool that some made PERT diagrams a requirement when planning complex projects. Within 有料盒子APP, our expertise in creating complex PERT schematics enabled us to help devise cost-saving ways for our clients to complete their most daunting and time-sensitive projects with blazing speed.聽

As our technological capabilities have improved with each passing decade, our commitment to helping clients discover faster and less cost-prohibitive ways to achieve their objectives has never wavered. By 2011, the Polaris story came full circle when we introduced a new cost-saving methodology called ISSR (Inherent, Structural, Systemic, Realized) to help the U.S. Navy reduce the expenditures required to build its next-generation Virginia class submarines.

PERT鈥檚 legacy lives on, as government agencies and blue-chip corporations continue to use modern versions of our original schematic to this day. But just as importantly, PERT鈥檚 success motivated us to search for new ways to innovate with greater speed, cost-consciousness, and impact. Today, as we create mission solutions at speed and scale, we can be inspired by our work for a Navy client, a groundbreaking idea, and one otherwise forgettable, richly annotated tablecloth.聽